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Test your knowledge on alternative fuels and alternative propulsion.

Introduction

I have a professional record in

  economy/legal
  social sciences
  technology and natural sciences
  other

How Biofuels might profit from European legislation?


Via CO2 tax

Via prescribed Biofuel Blending

Public fleet have to run on biofuels

What are the most feasible segments for trainings

  Private
  Utility fleets
  Logistics
  Public transport
  Rail
  Naval
  Other

General Questions

What fuels have a higher risk of damaging rubber and paint?

  RME (biodiesel from rape)
  GTL/FT (synthetic fuels)
  FAME (biodiesel)
  Ethanol
  SVO/PPO (plant oil)

Please tick the fuel that withstands best knocking tendencies (has high Octane figure)

  Hydrogen
  Natural Gas/Methane
  Ethanol
  Petrol/gasoline (plant oil)

Please tick the fuel with the lowest ignition energy for its vapour in air

  Hydrogen
  Natural Gas/Methane
  Ethanol
  Petrol/Gasoline

Please tick the fuel with the widest flammability range of its vapour in air

  Hydrogen
  Natural Gas/Methane
  Ethanol
  Petrol/Gasoline

Please tick the fuel with the lowest self ignition temperature

  Hydrogen
  Ethanol
  Natural Gas/Methane
  Petrol/Gasoline

Please tick the fuel with the highest energy content (Lower heating value per volume)

  liquefied Hydrogen
  liquefied Natural Gas/Methane
  Ethanol
  FAME
  PPO/SVO

What determines the intervals CNG tanks have to be tested?


Location of the tanks

Certification of the tank

Tank material

How is Hydrogen produced?

  LPG reforming
  Electrolysis of Water
  Reforming of natural gas
  Steam reforming
  Hydrolysis of oil

What fuel produces lowest particulate matter emission (raw gas without aftertreatment)?

  FAME
  Diesel
  SVO/ PPO
  Ethanol

What type of fuel produces less NOx in the raw gas compared to the fossil fuel?

  FAME (some feedstocks)
  SVO/ PPO (some feedstocks)
  Ethanol
  Synthetic (FT/GTL) fuels

What is a quasi-monovalent operation?


One engine for two fuels

One tank for two fuels

Small reserve tank with backup fuel

What is bivalent operation?

  Internal combustion engine (ICE) and electric engine running
  Has two tanks/ may run on two different fuels
  Has two tanks/ may run on a blend of two fuels
  Special mode of two stroke engines

What is the main threat for CNG tanks causing explosions?

  Low temperature cracks
  Insufficient safety valve
  Burning hull (thermal damage)
  Mechanical damage

Is the endurance affected when fuelling with FAME instead of diesel?


Yes, even with same engine efficiency

Depends on the engine efficiency

No

What types of tanks are used with CNG?


Prismatic

Cylindrical

Spherical

Is there a chance to improve the well to wheel efficiency of Ethanol and other synthetic fuels?


Yes, using the whole plant

Yes, optimizing gain of the processes

No, only with improved power trains

Is Natural Gas lighter than air at ambient conditions?


Yes, always

Only in warm climates

No, never

What is the main risk coming in contact with cryogenic fuels?


Cryogenic poisoning

Explosion

Cryogenic burning

Biofuels related questions

What fuel has the highest Cetane rating?

  RME (biodiesel of rape)
  GTL/FT (synthetic fuels)
  FAME (biodiesel)
  Ethanol
  SVO/PPO (plant oil)

What fuel has the highest higher water content (when burned)?

  RME (biodiesel from rape)
  GTL/FT (synthetic fuels)
  FAME (biodiesel)
  Ethanol
  SVO/PPO (plant oil)

What fuels have a higher risk of polymerisation (i.e. forming sticky deposits)?

  RME (biodiesel from rape)
  GTL/FT (synthetic fuels)
  FAME (biodiesel)
  Ethanol
  SVO/PPO (plant oil)

Please tick the fuel with the highest lubricity

  SVO/PPO (plant oil)
  FAME (biodiesel)
  Diesel
  Petrol/Gasoline
  Ethanol

What types of engines are most suited for SVO/ PPO?

  Direct injection (spark ignited)
  Common rail injection pumps (compression ignited)
  two stroke (spark ignited)
  pre- or swirl-chamber (compression ignited)

Are Fischer Tropsch (FT-)fuel and Gas to liquid (GTL) the same?


yes

depends on the feedstock

no

What engines are most suited when fuelling with an Ethanol blend > 20%?


Engines with multipoint injection systems

Carburettor based systems

Charged engines with mechanical compressor

May you start or stop a vehicle with cold engine with PPO/SVO?


Yes always

At low RPM

No never

What happens with PPO/SVO and bio diesel at (very) low temperatures?


Gelling

Fouling

Corrosive

What may be FAME made of in Europe?

  Animal fat
  Used cooking oil
  Sunflower Wood
  Cotton

What processes may be used to produce synthetic fuels out of CH4 rich gas?

  Dimethyl ether to Olefins (SDTO)
  Fischer Tropsch Methanol synthesis
  Trans etherification
  Flash Pyrolysis

What might happen when running an used car on ethanol (retrofitting with an Ethanol compliant fuel system)?

  ECE norm degraded (emissions)
  Insurance more expensive
  Noisier
  Less power

What is RME made of?


Rape

Rice

Residual oil

Alternative Powertrains

What is the difference between serial and parallel hybrid?


Lacking mechanic connection between ICE and wheels for serial

Parallel may recuperate energy while accelerating in parallel

Batteries are connected in parallel or in series

What battery may have memory effects (reducing the storable energy)?

  NiCd
  NiMh
  Li-Ion
  Pb-Acid

What battery may be charged most swiftly?


Li-Ion

Ni-NiCd

Advanced Gel material AGM

What battery should be protected against thermal excursions?


Pb Acid

Li-Ion

Ni-NiCd

Does a serial hybrid vehicle need a gearbox?


Yes always

No, optional

With in wheel motors only

May a diesel-electric propulsion system regenerate energy when braking?


Yes, always

Depends on electric machine

No, this is restricted to hybrid power trains only

What is the principle of a PSM motor?


Moving field

Permanent magnets

Parallel wires

Feedback

For your remarks or to get the Sugre sticker please use the email below.Gerfried Cebrat

Do you find this quiz exhaustive (complete)?


yes

undecided

no

On what issue we should focus more in the quiz?

  Fuel properties alternative fuels
  Engine technology internal combustion for alternative fuels
  Exhaust gas cleaning with alternative fuels
  Well to wheel analysis for alternative fuels and propulsion technology
  Market analysis alternative fuels
  Refuelling and fuel storage systems for alternative fuels
  Hybrid electric power trains for passenger cars
  Hybrid electric power trains for heavy goods vehicles {leer.gif}
  Hybrid hydraulic power trains
  Electric propulsion technology
  Battery technology
  Supercaps/Ultracaps technology
  Fuel cell technology
  Flywheel technology
  Compressed air vehicles
  Efficient vehicle concepts
  Naval applications
  Aeronautic applications
  other

Do you find the answers accurate/precise?


yes

undecided

no

 
 
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