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Passenger Cars

General
It is far from usual to get a good consulting when buying a car. Most models are difficult to get. Here we give some links, so you can specificly ask your dealer for a certain model.
Passenger cars for Car Rental, Craftsmen, Police, Businessmen,... may be obtained from the following list (for the U.S.A):

Biodiesel
Some cars may be run on B100 (100% biodiesel resp. FAME), the list got shorter because of problems with current diesel injection pumps:
Skoda Octavia Type 1U, Fabia Type 6Y and Superb Typ 3U (not 142 KW) may use rape methyl ether and thus may be used in taxi and rental fleets download in German...
Others like Citroen only with B30 (30% biodiesel), please check it with your dealer.
In the near future we will see also vehicles with particle filter capable to work with biodiesel.

Straight Vegetable Oil
Normally vehicles may not be bought ready to be used with SVO, but vehicles may be equipped to run straight vegetable oil SVO with full engine warranty. Please contact:

Ethanol E85
Flexible fuel vehicles (FFVs) may be operated with gaoline/petrol and ethanol (E85). A sensor adapts the engine ignition characteristics.
E85 can still not be found in many countries in Europe. Sweden has the lead with more than 500 fuel stations, E85 is also introduced in UK, Germany, Spain, The Netherlands, Germany.
In Europe the main producers of FFVs are Ford (Focus), Saab (9-5) and Volvo (V50 and S40).
Ford introduced three additional Flexi-fuel models in March 08: the S-Max, the Galaxy and the Mondeo flex-fuel, with an adapted 2.0-liter engine.
In the US and in Brazil the number of available models are greater:
  • Chevy Tahoe Flexible Fuel E85 for Police Fleets more...
  • 2005 Chevrolet Silverado 1500 Ethanol more...
  • Ford Taurus FFV, Crown Victoria FFV, Grand Marquis FFV, Town Car FFV, F-150 FFV more...

Conversion of gasoline/petrol operated vehicles is possible. With elderly cars the fuel system have to be exchanged. Carburettor-engines are not suitable for higher Ethanol blends (10%). Control of Multi-point injection systems has to be be adapted with higher blends.

CNG
CNG powered cars are avaiable from different brands. The vehicles may be monovalent (optimized for CNG) or bivalent (having higher fuel consumption):
  • Citroen Berlingo and C3 bivalent
  • Fiat Multipla, Punto and Doblo Natural Power
  • Ford Focus C-max CNG
  • Mercedes E 200 NGT
  • Opel Astra Caravan, monovalentplus with Combo 1.6 CNG and Zafira 1.6 CNG
  • Peugeot Partner Premium bivalent
  • Volvo V70, S60, S80 CNG
  • Volkswagen Caddy, Touran, Golf Variant EcoFuel

Battery Electric
Electric vehicles for road usage are not sold via retailers. Apart from vehicles for operation on yards (also called neighbourhood vehicles), some utility vehicles are sold:
Korean manufacturer with neighbourhood vehicles and some nice prototypes of EVs (more...)

Solar Electric
electric Tuk-Tuk


Hybrid Electric Vehicles
HEVs are available from Honda (Civic IMA) and Toyota (Prius, Kluger/Highlander). Its Hybrid synergy drive is also used Toyotas luxury brand Lexus (RX400h, GS450h). Other US-specific models come from Ford and GM.
  • Ford Escape Hybrid
  • Mercury Mariner Hybrid
  • Chevrolet Silverado
  • GMC Sierra Hybrid
Citroen and Peugeot using a parallel concept with diesel engine as well as others licensing Toyotas Synergy Drive System will follow.
The Suzuki Twin Hybrid is sold only in Japan as Microcar.

Hydrogen
Hydrogen powered vehicles




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Long Distance Road Freight

Long distance is a problem for electric and CNG-powered trucks. Also hybrid concepts do not achieve big savings. Some literature:

Biodiesel
All Scania vehicles may be operated on Biodiesel when ordering a service contract. Regular oil check is mandatory more...
  • Scania Ökoline avaiable only in Germanymore in German...
  • Mercedes Actros BR 500, Atego BR 900, Axor Bm 457.9




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Rail Locos and Motorized Rail Cars

Small progress is visible, only two examples may be found:
  • PLW conversion of diesel locomotives using straight vegetabile oil (more...) Arriva AG (in German)
  • HEV Hybrid electric MU rail car Kiha 200
In another projectJR-east is testing Fuel Cell powered hybrid MU rail cars:
Fuel Cell Hybrid Railcar

In India there is however an initative to introduce biodiesel:
Biofuel for Indian Railways




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Regional Public Tranport (buses and trams)

General
In the U.S.A. ban of diesel has lead to swift progress heading for clean buses:
  • Vehicle Technology, Intelligent Transportation Systems, etc.
Transit vehicles for national parcs (all type of vehives and fuels)
  • Alternative Fuel Pilot Program Initial 6 Month Evaluation Report
(download report)
It lists:
  • 2 CNG 40-foot buses
  • 2 Hybrid/Electric 40-foot buses
  • 2 Clean Diesel W/ PM filter 40-foot buses
  • 2 Clean Diesel Control 40-foot buses

Ethanol

The ethanol bus from Scania has a sligtly modified diesel engine and runs on E95. E95 is composed of ethanol and 5% ignition improver. In Stockholm over 400 ethanol buses from Scania are running and more are on the way. Within demonstration projects in the EU buses are also introduced in Madrid, La Spezia and Rotterdam. More information can be found at www.ethanolbus.com and at www.scania.com

Biodiesel

Mercedes/EVOBUS offers a couple of models capable to run with B100 (100% biodiesel).
  • EVOBUS standard buses:
O 405/O 407/O 408/ O405 G/O 550 with OM 447 hLA
  • EVOBUS low floor:
O 405 N/O 405 GN with OM 447 hLA/O 530/O530 GN with OM 906 hLA and OM 457 hLA
  • Mercedes OM 457HLA/LA, OM 501/502 LA and OM 906 LA may be run with biodiesel after individual consultation of Mercedes.

Battery Electric
A couple of electric buses for quartier operation are available:

Catenary-Electric

The trolleybuses are experiencing a comeback:

Hybrid Electric
In Europe hybrid electric buses are offered by:
Solaris offers buses with the Allision system download poster

There are also railcars offered:

U.S.A. and Japan
In the U.S.A. hybrid buses are gaining momentum and are available from:
  • BAESYSTEMS producing for Orion(more...)
  • Orion Bus Industries VII Hybrid (more...)
  • GM Hybrid Bus Two Mode producing for GM (more...)
  • Allison Hybrid Electric Drive (more..)
In Japan the Mitsubishi Fuso Aerostar Nonstep HEV will be introduced in 2007.



CNG
CNG buses are offered by:

other brands:
  • Irisbus Agora CNG
  • Mercedes Citaro CNG
  • Neoman

There are also smaller CNG busses offered:
  • IVECO Dayli Metano

When procuring check that blow of of NG is guaranteed before the composite tank catches fire (30 min might be to long). Tanks might be insolated against elevated temperatures and placed apart from the ICE. Also extinguishing equipment shoud be installed in the engine compartment to prevent spreading of fires to the tanks.
Biogas:
Gas-fuelled version of the Scania OmniLink exist for emission standard Euro 5.

India:
In India an indigenous bus brand is offerd to be used with CNG:
ASHOK Leyland Viking Super more...

Hydrogen
Hydrogen driven Microvett
Vehicle used in pilots & tests are:



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Urban freight

Direct injection CNG engines are currently developed by Isuzu with the help of Westport (more...)to improve fuel economy, but they are not commercially available.

Heavy trucks
Some models are available as CNG variants:
  • Mercedes ECONIC more in German...
  • Iveco Euro Tech UT 190 E 22 CNG, Euro Tech MH 260 E 26 CNG

Utility trucks
The following truck may use B100 (100% biodiesel)
  • Unimog BR 300 from 1988
  • Unimog BR 900

Light trucks

HEV
Since light truck are often operated in stop&go mode hybrid electric models are useful:

The Hybrid Sprinter is also sold with a plug in version further reducing the fuel costs for captive fleets recharging from the grid (fleet test programms in California).

Battery Electric Vehicles

CNG
An increasing amount of light truck are available CNG enabled:
  • Mercedes NGT Sprinter more...
  • Ford (Transit)
  • Iveco (Daily)
  • Fiat Ducato natural power

Biodiesel
The follwing truck may be operated on B100:
  • Mercedes Atego BR 900

City Vans

HEV
City vans as well as light trucks may benefit from hybridisation in urban environments:


Battery Electric Vehicles

CNG
A wide choice of CNG fueled vans is avaiable:
  • Adam Opel AG offers the Combo 1.6 CNG with additional 14l petraol/gasoline tank (monovalentPlus). Producer is OSV GmbH Opel Special Vehicles GmbH
  • Citroen (Berlingo Kastenwagen, Jumper)
  • Fiat (Doblo, Ducato Bipower)
  • Opel (Combo)
  • Peugeot (Partner, Boxer)


Smaller Battery Electric Vehicles

The following vehicles may be used in yards or in historic city centres:





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Off-Road

Tractors
New Holland has announced that on all its present machines with CNH engines, it is possible to use up to 20 per cent blend biodiesel, providing the engines complied with European Standard EN14214. source

Fendt agricultural tractors are 100% RME-fit. This is achieved by integrating the injection pumps into the motor block and applying separate oil lubrication.

Electric boats/ships
Because of the flat terrain when boating, this is a very good field of application for electric propulsion:
ecocats producing catamarans
Sodretrel an EDF company


Are you satisfied with the offer of alternative fuel vehicles for your next procurements?


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